![]() 2009).Īlthough there is a male bias in the diagnosis of ASD, recent evidence suggests that it may affect more females than previously thought, with diagnostic criteria and research practices leading to an over-stated gender gap (Goldman 2013 Lai et al. 2004) and difficulties with emotional processing (Davies et al. 2014) difficulties with Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to infer the mental states of others (Baron-Cohen et al. 2012), the capacity to shift a course of thought or action according to situational demands (Lezak 1995) weak central coherence, the lack of an effect of context or difficulty in taking a global approach (Frith 1989 Lang et al. These include persistent difficulties with social communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests (APA 2013).ĭespite these two disorders seeming different, several traits associated with ASD have also been found in AN populations including: difficulties with set-shifting (Tchanturia et al. 2013), for ASD to be diagnosed, symptoms must be present during the early developmental period. Unlike AN, which tends to have its onset in adolescence to early adulthood (Micali et al. In contrast, ASD is a pervasive developmental disorder that tends to affect more males than females, with a gender ratio of 3.3:1 males to females being reported in a UK national prevalence study (Mills and Kenyon 2013). It predominantly affects females, with an estimated gender ratio of 10:1 females to males, though epidemiological studies report higher variation of 3:1–12:1 (Raevuori et al. 2013).ĪN is a severe eating disorder characterised by body weight significantly lower than the normal range relative to height, fear of gaining weight and undue influence of weight and shape on self-evaluation (APA 2013). 2011) and in prevalence rates of co-morbidity or elevated levels of ASD traits within AN populations (for a systematic review see Huke et al. ![]() Research into the possible link between Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Anorexia Nervosa (AN) has grown considerably, with studies showing potential links both in specific characteristics of the two disorders (Oldershaw et al.
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